Yintoni "iGuanxi" kwaye ibaluleke kangakanani kwiShishini laseTshayina?

Kwiinkampani ezivela kwamanye amazwe ezifuna ukwenza ushishino eTshayina, kubalulekile ukwazi nge "Guanxi" xa zenza uPhando lweMarike yaseTshayina . ETshayina, ushishino lusekelwe kwi-guanxi, okuthetha "ubudlelwane" okanye "unxibelelwano," kungekuphela nje ukunxibelelana. Kangangexesha elide, abantu baseTshayina bekufuneka bajongane nenkqubo enzima yezibophelelo zentlalo, ukunika izipho ukwakha ukuthembana, nokuqinisekisa ukuba abantu banokuthembela kubo. I-Guanxi ibaluleke kakhulu kushishino lwaseTshayina. Kule marike itshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye inezinto ezininzi ezenzekayo, ngubani owaziyo ukuba angenza okanye aphule ishishini lakho.

Ingaba "iGuanxi" iseyeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwimpumelelo kwiinkampani zangaphandle kwiTshayina yanamhlanje?

Xa kusenziwa uphando lwemarike yaseTshayina, indima ye-guanxi kushishino lwanamhlanje lwaseTshayina isathethwa kakhulu kwaye ixoxwa ngayo. Intsingiselo yegama elithi Guanxi itshintshile njengoko iTshayina itshintshe uqoqosho lwayo yaza yaba yinxalenye yoqoqosho lwehlabathi, kodwa isabaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yeshishini, nangona ngeendlela ezingabonakaliyo.

Indlela Indima KaGuanxi Kwishishini LaseTshayina Etshintsha Ngayo Ngokuhamba Kwexesha

I-China iye yaba semthethweni ngakumbi kwimicimbi yezoshishino kutshanje, ibeka ingqwalasela ngakumbi kwiingcali, imithetho, kunye nezivumelwano. Ngenxa yolu tshintsho, abanye abantu baqale ukuzibuza ukuba i-Guanxi isabalulekile na njengoko yayinjalo ngaphambili. Kwelinye icala, uphando lwemarike yase-China lubonisa ukuba i-Guanxi isabalulekile nangona isenokutshintsha. I-Guanxi ayisetyenziswa endaweni yeendlela zoshishino zemveli kwihlabathi lanamhlanje; isetyenziswa kunye nabo. Iqhubeka inceda amashishini ukuba asebenze kakuhle, yakha ukuthembana phakathi kwamaqela, kwaye iwanika ukufikelela kulwazi oluluncedo kunye nezixhobo. Kumashishini angaphandle, ukwakha i-Guanxi elungileyo kusenokubanceda bafumane amathuba ebengenakufumaneka ngenye indlela.

Indlela iGuanxi kunye neMisebenzi yoShishino yanamhlanje ezichaphazela ngayo omnye komnye

Ukusetyenziswa kweGuanxi kutshintshile njengoko ihlabathi lezoshishino laseTshayina lisiya lisiba nzima ngakumbi. Kule mihla, kubaluleke ngakumbi ukwakha iinethiwekhi zobungcali nokwenza ubudlelwane obuhle kunokwenza izinto zobuqu. Amashishini akwaziyo ukwakha iGuanxi aze ayifake kwisicwangciso sawo seshishini ngokubanzi adla ngokuba nexesha elilula lokujongana nemarike yaseTshayina, nto leyo enokuba nzima ukuyiqonda. Umzekelo, xa kufikwa ekwenzeni ishishini eTshayina, ukuba neGuanxi elungileyo kunokukunceda ufumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo nolupheleleyo malunga nemarike. Oku kunceda iinkampani zenze ukhetho olungcono. Kunokunceda neentetho namaqabane anokubakho kunye nabathengi ukuba zihambe kakuhle, nto leyo eya kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono.

Ziziphi izinto ezingaqhelekanga malunga "neGuanxi" phakathi koosomashishini bamanye amazwe?

Amashishini angaphandle ajongene neGuanxi ngelixa ephanda ngeemarike zaseTshayina. Nangona kunjalo, iingcamango eziphosakeleyo malunga nohlobo lwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo zinokubangela iimpazamo zokucwangcisa iinkampani. Ezi mpazamo ziqhelekileyo kufuneka ziqatshelwe ukuze kudalwe ubudlelwane obunemveliso kumashishini aseTshayina.

I-Guanxi njengeNdlela emfutshane

Enye yezona ntsomi zinkulu kukuba iGuanxi inokunceda amashishini aseTshayina aphumelele ngokukhawuleza. Abanye oosomashishini bamazwe ngamazwe bavakalelwa kukuba ukuba nabantu abafanelekileyo kunokunceda ukulungisa iingxaki okanye baphephe imithetho ngokukhawuleza. IGuanxi yokwenyani isekelwe ekuthembekeni nakubudlelwane bexesha elide, kungekhona ububele okanye ukufumbathisa. Uphononongo olusebenzayo lwemarike yaseTshayina lubonisa ukuba iGuanxi ifuna ulawulo oluqhubekayo lonxibelelwano kunye nokubuyiselana. Ukwakha nokuphuhlisa ubudlelwane kuthatha ixesha, umgudu, kunye nokuzinikela. Ukusebenzisa iGuanxi njengendlela emfutshane kunokubangela ubudlelwane obungancediyo inkampani kwaye kunokonakalisa udumo lwayo.

Ukuqhagamshela iGuanxi noRhwaphilizo

IGuanxi ngamanye amaxesha ididaniswa norhwaphilizo okanye imisebenzi yeshishini engenankathalo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba iGuanxi yokwenyani isebenza ngendlela yokuziphatha nesemthethweni, nangona isetyenziswa kakubi. Ukwakha ukuthembana kunye nenzuzo efanayo kubaluleke kakhulu kunomsebenzi ongekho mthethweni okanye iingenelo ezingafanelekanga. Uphando lwemarike yaseTshayina lufuna ukwahlula phakathi kokwakha ubudlelwane obunemilinganiselo yokuziphatha nebungekho mthethweni. Endaweni yezipho okanye izipho ezingafanelekanga, iinkampani kufuneka zakhe iGuanxi ngokusebenzisa iintlanganiso zobungcali, iinjongo zorhwebo ezifanayo, kunye nokudala ixabiso elifanayo.

Ukuxabisa kakhulu iGuanxi ngaphezu kobuchule

Oosomashishini bamanye amazwe banokubeka iGuanxi phambili ngaphezu kobuchule beshishini kunye nokugqwesa kwemveliso. Unxibelelwano oluhle alunakuyilungisa imeko yokugweba kakubi kweshishini okanye iimpahla kunye neenkonzo ezinganelanga. Uphando olunzulu lwemarike yaseTshayina lubonisa ukuba imibutho ephumelelayo idibanisa ukwakha ubudlelwane kunye neempahla kunye neenkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. IGuanxi idala amathuba, kodwa impumelelo ifuna ixabiso kunye nobuchule kwezorhwebo.

Ukuqonda iziseko zenkcubeko zokuthembana nokwakha ubudlelwane

Ukuze uyiqonde ngokwenene iGuanxi kunye nokuba ibaluleke kangakanani kushishino lwaseTshayina, umntu kufuneka afunde indlela ukuthembana kunye nobudlelwane obakhelwe ngayo kwinkcubeko yaseTshayina. Olu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni uphando oluhle lwemarike yaseTshayina kunye nokwenza izicwangciso zoshishino ezilungileyo.

Indlela Iingcamango zikaConfucius Eziyichaphazela Ngayo I-Guanxi

Ingcinga yamaConfucian igxininisa ucwangco lwentlalo, umanyano, kunye nokutshintshiselana. Le ndlela yokucinga yindawo apho kuvela khona i-guanxi. Kuluntu lwaseTshayina, ubudlelwane bubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo zentlalo kunye nezoshishino, kwaye imisebenzi kunye noxanduva ludlula nje ukwenza ushishino omnye komnye. Uphononongo lwemarike yaseTshayina luhlala lubonisa indlela ezi mbono zesizwe ezichaphazela ngayo indlela abantu abenza ngayo ushishino. Umzekelo, "ubuso" (mianzi) yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-guanxi. Ukwakha nokugcina ubudlelwane, ukunika ubuso ngokubonisa intlonipho kunye nokungahlazisi umntu esidlangalaleni kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukufumana la mahluko mancinci kunokunceda amashishini angaphandle ukuba asebenzisane nabantu baseTshayina ngokulula kwaye enze unxibelelwano olungcono namaqabane eTshayina.

Ukubaluleka Kokucinga Ixesha Elide Ekwakheni Ubudlelwane

Kwishishini laseTshayina, ubudlelwane bexesha elide bubaluleke ngakumbi kuneenzuzo zexesha elifutshane. Le mbono ihambelana nengcamango yobuConfucian yomanyano kunye nengcamango yokuba impumelelo yexesha elide ivela ekwenzeni ubudlelwane bexesha elide. Kwiinkampani ezivela kwamanye amazwe ezenza uphando lwemarike eTshayina, ukucinga ngale ndlela kubalulekile. Kuthetha ukuchitha ixesha kunye nemali kwimisebenzi eyakha ubudlelwane. Oku kusenokungazuzisi kwangoko, kodwa kunokukhokelela kubudlelwane obuluncedo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Abantu abasebenzisa le ndlela badla ngokuchitha ixesha kunye ngaphandle kweendawo zomsebenzi, njengokutya isidlo okanye ukuya kwisiganeko senkcubeko kunye.

Ii-SME zangaphandle zingakha njani iinethiwekhi ezithembekileyo ze-"Guanxi" ngendlela yokuziphatha nangokufanelekileyo?

Kumashishini amancinci angaphandle afuna ukwenza kakuhle eTshayina, ukuqinisekisa ukuba akha uthungelwano oluqinileyo lweGuanxi kubaluleke kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uthembeke kwaye ukhawuleze kwindlela oqhuba ngayo le nkqubo, uqiniseke ukuba ulandela amasiko alo mmandla kunye nemithetho yeshishini lehlabathi. Nazi ezinye iindlela ezinokunceda, ngokusekelwe koko kufundwe ngokunzulu kwimarike yaseTshayina.

Sebenzisa iinethiwekhi zobungcali kunye namaqela oshishino.

Enye yezona ndlela zilungileyo zokuba amashishini amancinci angaphandle akhe iGuanxi kukujoyina iinethiwekhi zobungcali kunye namaqela oshishino kwaye uthathe inxaxheba kuzo. Ezi ndawo zikunika ithuba lokudibana namaqabane anokubakho, abathengi, kwanabaphikisi kwindawo ehlelekileyo neyobungcali. Uphononongo lwemarike yaseTshayina lufumanise ukuba amashishini amaninzi eTshayina anamaqela acwangcisa imisitho, iiworkshops, kunye nemiboniso yorhwebo imihla ngemihla. Ngokuya kwezi ziganeko nokwenza amanqaku amahle kwiintetho, amashishini amancinci angaphandle anokuzazisa aze aqale ukwazi abantu ababalulekileyo kushishino lwawo. Thenga italente yasekuhlaleni kunye nobudlelwane. Ukuba uqesha abantu basekuhlaleni kwaye usebenza neenkampani zaseTshayina, ungakha iGuanxi ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Amaqabane asekuhlaleni kunye nabasebenzi bazisa ulwazi oluluncedo lwenkcubeko kunye nonxibelelwano olunokuba luncedo kakhulu kumashishini amancinci angaphandle. Xa usenza uphando lweshishini eTshayina, kufuneka ufumane amaqabane asekuhlaleni anokubakho abelana ngexabiso kunye neenjongo zenkampani yakho. Olu budlelwane lunokukunceda ungene kwiinethiwekhi zaseGuanxi ezisekwe kwaye wenze ishishini eTshayina ngokulula.

Bonisa ukuba ukulungele oko ixesha elide.

Ukuze wakhe uthungelwano oluqinileyo lwaseGuanxi, kufuneka ubonise ukuba uzibophelele kwimarike yaseTshayina ixesha elide. Ukumisela iofisi yasekuhlaleni, ukujoyina iiprojekthi zoluntu, okanye ukufaka imali kuphando lwasekuhlaleni nophuhliso zonke ezi ziindlela zokwenza oku kwenzeke. Uphando lweMarike yaseChina lubonisa rhoqo ukuba iinkampani eTshayina zikhetha ukusebenza namaqabane afuna ukunceda uqoqosho lwaseTshayina kunye noluntu. Ngokubonisa olu kuzinikela, amashishini amancinci angaphandle anokwakha ukuthembana kunye nokuthembeka, okubaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni iGuanxi eqinileyo.

Ngaphaya kweGuanxi: Ukudibanisa uLawulo loBudlelwane kunye neMisebenzi yoShishino esesikweni

Amashishini angaphandle kufuneka adibanise ulawulo lobudlelwane neendlela zoshishino ezisesikweni eTshayina, apho i-guanxi isabalulekile khona. Isicwangciso esilinganayo sibonelela ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yenkcubeko yasekuhlaleni kunye nemigangatho yenkampani yamazwe ngamazwe. Uphononongo lwemarike yaseTshayina lubonisa ukuba imibutho edibanisa ngempumelelo ikhula ngokuzinzileyo eTshayina.

IGuanxi kunye noLawulo lweeNkampani

Ulawulo lweenkampani kunye nokungafihlisi kuyakhula kwimeko yezorhwebo yaseTshayina. Amashishini angaphandle kufuneka agcine iGuanxi ngelixa elandela imigaqo yolawulo oluqinileyo lweenkampani. Uphononongo lwemarike yaseTshayina lubonisa ukuba amaqhinga okwakha ubudlelwane acacisiweyo, ukusebenzisana okurekhodiweyo, kunye nokuziphatha okuqinileyo kunokufezekisa oku. Ukufumana ulungelelwaniso phakathi kokuvuleleka kunye noxanduva lokugcina ubudlelwane.

Ukusebenzisa iTekhnoloji kuLawulo loBudlelwane

Itekhnoloji ibaluleke ngakumbi kulawulo lobudlelwane kweli xesha ledijithali. I-CRM, imidiya yoluntu, kunye nezinye iteknoloji zedijithali zinceda ukuphucula ukugcinwa kunye namandla eGuanxi. Uphononongo lwemarike yaseTshayina lubonisa ukuba unxibelelwano lwezorhwebo kunye nokwakha ubudlelwane zixhaphakile kwiWeChat, iqonga elikhulu lemidiya yoluntu laseTshayina. Ezi qonga zivumela amashishini angaphandle ukuba asebenzisane nonxibelelwano lwaseTshayina, anike ulwazi olubalulekileyo, kwaye ahlale ebonakala kwiinethiwekhi zawo.

isiphelo

Ngamafutshane, nangona iGuanxi itshintsha kushishino lwanamhlanje lwaseTshayina, isabaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni kakuhle eTshayina. Xa amashishini angaphandle, ingakumbi amancinci, esenza ishishini eTshayina, kufuneka azi ngeGuanxi nendlela ehambelana ngayo nenkcubeko yaseTshayina. Kufuneka aqiniseke ukuba ayayisebenzisa ngendlela esebenza nezenzo zawo zesiqhelo zoshishino. Uphando lweNtengiso lwaseTshayina oluLungileyo alujongi nje amanani. Lukwabandakanya ukwazi indlela yokwakha ubudlelwane kwindawo yeshishini laseTshayina. Amashishini angaphandle kwihlabathi lezorhwebo laseTshayina elitshintsha rhoqo anokuzilungiselela impumelelo ehlala ihleli ngokungaweli kwiintsomi eziqhelekileyo, ekudaleni iinethiwekhi zaseGuanxi ezithembekileyo neziluncedo, kunye nokulawula ubudlelwane ngelixa egxile ekujongeni inkampani. Njengesikhumbuzo, iGuanxi ayisiyondlela yokwenza ishishini eTshayina ngokukhawuleza okanye endaweni yokwazi indlela yokwenza ishishini; yindlela yokwenza ishishini eTshayina ehamba kunye nokwenza ishishini eTshayina. Xa ujongana nayo ngokunyaniseka, uqaphela umahluko wenkcubeko, kwaye ucinga ngexesha elide, inokuba yindlela eluncedo kakhulu yokujongana nobunzima bemarike yaseTshayina nokwenza ubudlelwane beshishini obuhlala ixesha elide.

FAQ

Q: Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwakha iGuanxi eqinileyo eTshayina?

A: ETshayina, kuthatha ixesha elide ukwakha iGuanxi eqinileyo. Ifuna iintlanganiso zokwenyani, inzuzo ekwabelwana ngayo, kunye nomsebenzi oqhubekayo. Uphononongo lwemarike yaseTshayina luthi iinkampani ezivela kwamanye amazwe zifanele zibone ukwakha iGuanxi njengotyalo-mali eziya kuqhubeka zilwenza, kungekhona into ezinokuyenza kube kanye kwaye zenziwe ngayo.

Q: Ngaba iGuanxi inganikwa omnye umntu?

A: I-Guanxi ikakhulu iyinto yobuqu, kodwa ingaboniswa okanye yabelwane ngayo ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Umzekelo, umntu omthembayo kwishishini unokukudibanisa nabantu abamaziyo. Kodwa khumbula ukuba kuya kufuneka wakhe kwaye ugcine olu nxibelelwano ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Q: Ingaba iGuanxi ibaluleke ngokufanayo kuyo yonke imboni eTshayina?

A: IGuanxi idla ngokuba ibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi, nangona umgangatho wexabiso unokutshintsha ukusuka kwelinye ishishini ukuya kwelinye. Uphononongo lwemarike yaseTshayina lubonisa ukuba iGuanxi inokuba ibaluleke ngakumbi kumashishini abandakanyeka kakhulu kurhulumente okanye kwiindawo apho ukuthembana komntu kubalulekile, njengeebhanki okanye iinkonzo ze-B2B ezixabisa kakhulu. Kodwa nakwiindawo apho kukho imithetho okanye iteknoloji eninzi, ubudlelwane obuhle bunokunceda kakhulu.

Jonga iiNgxaki zaseGuanxi ngeChina Entry Hub

Ukuze iinkampani zangaphandle ziphumelele kwimarike yaseTshayina, kufuneka ziyiqonde kwaye ziyisebenzise kakuhle iGuanxi. Kodwa akulula ukwenza oku wedwa. Eli linqanaba apho iChina Entry Hub iluncedo khona. Iqela lethu leengcali ezithetha iilwimi ezimbini ezinamava amaninzi eTshayina zinokukunceda wenze kwaye ugcine ubudlelwane obuluncedo apho ngokusebenzisa ulwazi lwazo ngendawo kunye nezakhono zazo zobungcali. Iinkonzo zethu zophando olunzulu lwemarike yaseTshayina kwiChina Entry Hub ziya kukunceda uqonde ngokwenene indlela esebenza ngayo imakethi yokuthengiswa, kubandakanya nendlela iGuanxi echaphazela ngayo ishishini lakho. Ngenkxaso yethu epheleleyo, unokuqiniseka ukuba uneqabane elithembekileyo ecaleni kwakho njengoko ungena kwimarike eTshayina. Musa ukuvumela ubunzima beGuanxi buphazamise impumelelo yakho eTshayina. Nxibelelana neChina Entry Hub namhlanje ku-info@chinaenthub.com ukuze ufunde indlela esinokukunceda ngayo wakhe ubudlelwane obunentsingiselo kwaye ufezekise iinjongo zakho zoshishino kwimarike yaseTshayina.

Ucaphulo

1. Chen, X., & Chen, CC (2004). Malunga nobunzima be-guanxi yaseTshayina: Imodeli yenkqubo yophuhliso lwe-guanxi. Ijenali yoLawulo lwe-Asia Pacific, 21(3), 305-324.

2. Luo, Y. (2007). IGuanxi kunye neshishini (uhlelo lwesibini). Isayensi yeHlabathi.

3. Yeung, IY, kunye noTung, RL (1996). Ukufikelela kwimpumelelo yeshishini kwiintlanga zamaConfucian: Ukubaluleka kwe-guanxi (unxibelelwano). I-Organizational Dynamics, 25(2), 54-65.

4. Fan, Y. (2002). Ukubuza nge-guanxi: Inkcazo, udidi kunye neziphumo. Uhlolo lweShishini lwaMazwe ngaMazwe, 11(5), 543-561.

5. Gao, H., Knight, JG, kunye noBallantyne, D. (2012). IGuanxi njengesango kubudlelwane bezoshishino phakathi kweTshayina neNtshona. Ijenali yoShishino kunye nokuThengiswa kwezeMizi-mveliso, 27(6), 456-467.

6. Dunfee, TW, kunye noWarren, DE (2001). Ngaba i-guanxi inemigaqo yokuziphatha? Uhlalutyo oluqhelekileyo lokwenza ishishini eTshayina. Ijenali yeMithetho yoShishino, 32(3), 191-204.

7. Xin, KR, kunye noPearce, JL (1996). Guanxi: Unxibelelwano njengendawo yokuxhasa ngokusesikweni iziko. Ijenali ye-Academy of Management, 39(6), 1641-1658.